Occupational and granulomatous lung disease, especially chronic beryllium disease and sarcoidosis; studies natural history, immunology, genetic susceptibility and exposure risks.[4]

Lisa A. Maier
About
Lisa Maier is a National Jewish pulmonologist whose clinical and research work focuses on occupational and granulomatous lung disease, especially chronic beryllium disease and sarcoidosis. She studies immunologic, genetic and exposure-related susceptibility and teaches occupational medicine residents and pulmonary fellows.
Research interests
Occupational and granulomatous lung disease, especially chronic beryllium disease and sarcoidosis; studies natural history, immunology, genetic susceptibility and exposure risks.
Journey
Education, training and research through time.
Undergraduate
Cornell University
Medical school
Duke University School of Medicine
Residency
Duke University Medical Center
Residency
Duke University Medical Center
Fellowship
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Residency
National Jewish Health / University of Colorado
Graduate education
University of Colorado
- Completed 1986Undergraduate
Undergraduate education[5]
Cornell University
Cornell University, BS, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, completed 1986.
- 1987–1991Medical school
Medical school[5]
Duke University School of Medicine
Duke University School of Medicine, MD, 1987–1991.
- 1991–1994Residency
Internal medicine residency[5]
Duke University Medical Center
Duke University Medical Center, internal medicine residency, 1991–1994.
- Observed 1993Residency
Assistant chief resident[5]
Duke University Medical Center
Assistant Chief Resident, Duke internal medicine, 1993.
- 1994–1998Fellowship
Pulmonary and critical care fellowship[5]
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, pulmonary and critical care fellowship, 1994–1998.
- 1995–1998Residency
Occupational and environmental medicine residency[5]
National Jewish Health / University of Colorado
National Jewish/University of Colorado, occupational and environmental medicine residency, 1995–1998.
- 1995–1998Graduate education
Master of Science in Public Health[5]
University of Colorado
University of Colorado, Master of Science in Public Health, 1995–1998.
- 1998–2011Employment
Faculty progression[5]
University of Colorado / National Jewish Health
CU/National Jewish faculty progression: Instructor 1998–1999, Assistant Professor 1999–2004, Associate Professor 2004–2011.
- Started 2007Employment
Her institutional CV records becoming head of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at National Jewish in 2007[5]
National Jewish Health
Her institutional CV records becoming head of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at National Jewish in 2007.
- Started 2011Employment
Her institutional CV records a Professor appointment in the CU/National Jewish ecosystem beginning in 2011[5]
University of Colorado / National Jewish Health
Her institutional CV records a Professor appointment in the CU/National Jewish ecosystem beginning in 2011.
- 2011
1 attributed work
- Risk of chronic beryllium disease by HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype and beryllium exposure in nuclear workers
American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
- Risk of chronic beryllium disease by HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype and beryllium exposure in nuclear workers
- 2024
- Dates not establishedEmployment
Chief, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health[4]
National Jewish Health
Chief, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health.
- Dates not established by retained source
- Dates not established by retained sourceEmployment
Environmental and occupational health core laboratory director[4]
National Jewish Health
Director of the Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Core Clinical Laboratory, National Jewish Health.
- Dates not established by retained sourceService
Occupational medicine and pulmonary teaching[4]
National Jewish Health
Her NJH biography documents teaching occupational medicine residents and pulmonary fellows, as well as educating clinicians and workers.
- Dates not established by retained sourceService
Fellow and junior-faculty research mentorship[5]
National Jewish Health
Her institutional CV documents primary research mentorship of postdoctoral and pulmonary fellows and research mentorship of junior faculty working on sarcoidosis and exposure-related lung disease.
Works appear by publication year. Their position does not establish where or when the underlying research was performed.
Education and training
Degrees, training periods and the milestones within them.
- Completed 1986Undergraduate
Undergraduate education[5]
Cornell University
Cornell University, BS, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, completed 1986.
- 1987–1991Medical school
Medical school[5]
Duke University School of Medicine
Duke University School of Medicine, MD, 1987–1991.
- 1991–1994Residency
Internal medicine residency[5]
Duke University Medical Center
Duke University Medical Center, internal medicine residency, 1991–1994.
- Observed 1993Residency
Assistant chief resident[5]
Duke University Medical Center
Assistant Chief Resident, Duke internal medicine, 1993.
- 1994–1998Fellowship
Pulmonary and critical care fellowship[5]
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, pulmonary and critical care fellowship, 1994–1998.
- 1995–1998Residency
Occupational and environmental medicine residency[5]
National Jewish Health / University of Colorado
National Jewish/University of Colorado, occupational and environmental medicine residency, 1995–1998.
- 1995–1998Graduate education
Master of Science in Public Health[5]
University of Colorado
University of Colorado, Master of Science in Public Health, 1995–1998.
Research
Projects and appearances
2026 Top Doctor
recognition · 2026National Jewish Health’s profile lists Maier as a 2026 Top Doctor recognized by 5280 Magazine and Castle Connolly.
Recipient
Limitations
- Recognition is not a comparative measure of clinical quality or evidence of individual mentoring availability.
FSR Grant Writing Workshop: Mentor Recommendations
talk · 2022-02-24Maier’s institution-hosted CV lists an invited FSR Grant Writing Workshop: Mentor Recommendations on February 24, 2022.
Listed speaker
Limitations
- The retained CV establishes the historical workshop listing. The current FSR page was blocked, so present webinar availability is unverified.
Occupational, Environmental and Deployment-Related Lung Diseases: Research and Treatment
talk · 2021-11-04National Jewish Health’s November 4, 2021 Dialogue with a Doc listing features Maier and Cecile Rose discussing occupational and deployment-related exposures and chronic lung disease.
Listed speaker
Limitations
- Only the event description was reviewed; the recording was not transcribed or represented as heard.
Selected reading
Multi-omic signatures of sarcoidosis and progression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells
Integrated DNA methylation, mRNA, and miRNA observational analysis
Multi-omic signatures of sarcoidosis and progression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells
Findings
- The team profiled bronchoalveolar-lavage cells from 64 people with sarcoidosis and 16 controls. Integrated features highlighted immune pathways and distinguished disease from control samples; a much smaller set of transcripts was associated with progressive disease.
Limitations
- High-dimensional observational signatures require external validation before diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic use.
Risk of chronic beryllium disease by HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype and beryllium exposure in nuclear workers
Case-control gene-exposure molecular epidemiology study
Risk of chronic beryllium disease by HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype and beryllium exposure in nuclear workers
Findings
- In 386 nuclear-facility workers, both reconstructed beryllium exposure and HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype were associated with chronic beryllium disease. The study showed a graded genetic pattern, with non-*02 E69 variants and two E69 copies carrying higher odds than a single *02 allele.
Limitations
- Historical exposure reconstruction and observational genotype associations limit causal inference; rare-genotype estimates have wide confidence intervals.
Understanding the Added Value of High-Resolution CT Beyond Chest X-Ray in Determining Extent of Physiologic Impairment
Cross-sectional sarcoidosis cohort imaging and physiology analysis
Understanding the Added Value of High-Resolution CT Beyond Chest X-Ray in Determining Extent of Physiologic Impairment
Findings
- Among 351 sarcoidosis cases, CT findings were inconsistent with Scadding chest-radiograph stage in about 40 percent. CT features explained additional variation in lung function, although their incremental value differed by physiologic measure.
Limitations
- Cross-sectional associations and poor-to-moderate reader agreement do not establish that CT phenotyping improves treatment or outcomes.
Publications
3 attributed works. Counts reflect resolved authorship and may be incomplete.
- 2024Multi-omic signatures of sarcoidosis and progression in bronchoalveolar lavage cellsRespiratory researchPMID 39080656
- 2011Risk of chronic beryllium disease by HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype and beryllium exposure in nuclear workersAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicinePMID 21471109
Sources
Sources are listed once and connected to each accepted claim they support. Excerpts preserve the source language used in the review.
- [1]Multi-omic signatures of sarcoidosis and progression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells
1 source claim · Reviewed Sep 9, 2026
Attributed work: Multi-omic signatures of sarcoidosis and progression in bronchoalveolar lavage cells | DOI 10.1186/s12931-024-02919-7 | PMID 39080656 | 2024
2024
/resultList/result/0/authorList/author; authorAffiliationDetailsList; own id/doi; abstractText
- [2]Risk of chronic beryllium disease by HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype and beryllium exposure in nuclear workers
1 source claim · Reviewed Sep 9, 2026
Attributed work: Risk of chronic beryllium disease by HLA-DPB1 E69 genotype and beryllium exposure in nuclear workers | DOI 10.1164/rccm.201002-0254oc | PMID 21471109 | 2011
2011
/resultList/result/0/authorList/author; authorAffiliationDetailsList; own id/doi; abstractText
- [3]Understanding the Added Value of High-Resolution CT Beyond Chest X-Ray in Determining Extent of Physiologic Impairment
1 source claim · Reviewed Sep 9, 2026
Attributed work: Understanding the Added Value of High-Resolution CT Beyond Chest X-Ray in Determining Extent of Physiologic Impairment | DOI 10.1016/j.chest.2024.04.031 | PMID 38830401 | 2024
2024
/resultList/result/0/authorList/author; authorAffiliationDetailsList; own id/doi; abstractText
- [4]National Jewish Health physician profile
8 source claims · 5 journey details · Reviewed Sep 9, 2026
Chief, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health: Dates not established. Chief, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health.
Faculty appointment: Dates not established by retained source. Professor, National Jewish Health.
Environmental and occupational health core laboratory director: Dates not established by retained source. Director of the Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Core Clinical Laboratory, National Jewish Health.
Occupational medicine and pulmonary teaching: Dates not established by retained source. Her NJH biography documents teaching occupational medicine residents and pulmonary fellows, as well as educating clinicians and workers.
Undergraduate completion is 1986; entry year is unknown. Pulmonary fellowship, occupational medicine and MSPH overlap as explicitly reported by the CV.
Biographical context: Lisa Maier is a National Jewish pulmonologist whose clinical and research work focuses on occupational and granulomatous lung disease, especially chronic beryllium disease and sarcoidosis. She studies immunologic, genetic and exposure-related susceptibility and teaches occupational medicine residents and pulmonary fellows.
Clinical Interests Dr. Lisa Maier has a clinical practice focused on occupational lung disease in the Occupational and Environmental and Granulomatous Clinics at National Jewish Health. The major emphasis of her clinical practice is granulomatous lung diseases, including chronic beryllium disease, a granulomatous lung disease of known etiology, and sarcoidosis, a granulomatous lung disease of unknown etiology. Research Interests In addition to her clinical practice, Dr. Maier has a busy research agenda. Her work as a clinician researcher complements her clinical practice as she is involved in numerous research projects evaluating the natural history, immunologic mechanisms, and genetic and exposure risks associated with beryllium sensitization, chronic beryllium disease, and other granulomatous and occupational lung diseases that she sees in the clinic. The majority of her research is aimed at understanding susceptibility factors in the development of granulomatous lung diseases, including genetic and exposure factors, and factors which predispose people to more severe forms of the disease. As part of these studies, we are building beryllium cohorts from worksites and building sarcoidosis cohorts from our clinic. These projects emphasize molecular epidemiology, evaluation of genetic susceptibility factors, assessment of exposures and determination of gene by gene and gene by environment interactions. These research efforts straddle the bench/basic science and epidemiology with implications for the clinic and workplace. In addition to the above activities, Dr. Maier enjoys teaching occupational medicine residents, pulmonary fellows, educating other physicians, health care providers, and workers and providing consultation to workers and industry. See More View Publications News & Videos Advanced CT Scan Analysis May Help
Community education: Her NJH biography documents teaching occupational medicine residents and pulmonary fellows, as well as educating clinicians and workers.
In addition to the above activities, Dr. Maier enjoys teaching occupational medicine residents, pulmonary fellows, educating other physicians, health care providers, and workers and providing consultation to workers and industry. See More View Publications News & Videos Advanced CT Scan Analysis May Help Identify Different Forms of Sarcoidosis Lung
Official headshot: Portrait
Lisa A. Maier, MD, MSPH, FCCP, ATSF
Professional role: Chief, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health.
Chief, Division of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Department of Medicine 2026 Top Doctor – 5280 Magazine & Castle Connolly Share Profile
Professional role: Director of the Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Core Clinical Laboratory, National Jewish Health.
Director, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Core Clinical Laboratory, National Jewish Health Ask a Question Sign in to your MyChart account to co
Professional role: Professor, National Jewish Health.
Professor Director, Division of Env & Occ Health Science Core Clinical Lab Chief, Division of Environmental & Occupational Health Sciences Department of Medicine 2026 Top Doctor – 5280 Magazine & Castle Connolly Share Profile Print Profile Overview Contact Info & Locati
Official profile: Official profile
Lisa A. Maier, MD, MSPH, FCCP, ATSF Skip to content About Us Patient Portal Careers Professionals 877-CALL NJH Make an Appointment Refer a Patient Donate Condit
Research interests: Occupational and granulomatous lung disease, especially chronic beryllium disease and sarcoidosis; studies natural history, immunology, genetic susceptibility and exposure risks.
Clinical Interests Dr. Lisa Maier has a clinical practice focused on occupational lung disease in the Occupational and Environmental and Granulomatous Clinics at National Jewish Health. The major emphasis of her clinical practice is granulomatous lung diseases, including chronic beryllium disease, a granulomatous lung disease of known etiology, and sarcoidosis, a granulomatous lung disease of unknown etiology. Research Interests In addition to her clinical practice, Dr. Maier has a busy research agenda. Her work as a clinician researcher complements her clinical practice as she is involved in numerous research projects evaluating the natural history, immunologic mechanisms, and genetic and exposure risks associated with beryllium sensitization, chronic beryllium disease, and other granulomatous and occupational lung diseases that she sees in the clinic. The majority of her research is aimed at understanding susceptibility factors in the development of granulomatous lung diseases, including genetic and exposure factors, and factors whi
- [5]Lisa Maier institutional CV
11 source claims · 12 journey details · Reviewed Sep 9, 2026
Undergraduate education: Completed 1986. Cornell University, BS, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, completed 1986.
Medical school: 1987–1991. Duke University School of Medicine, MD, 1987–1991.
Internal medicine residency: 1991–1994. Duke University Medical Center, internal medicine residency, 1991–1994.
Assistant chief resident: Observed 1993. Assistant Chief Resident, Duke internal medicine, 1993.
Pulmonary and critical care fellowship: 1994–1998. University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, pulmonary and critical care fellowship, 1994–1998.
Occupational and environmental medicine residency: 1995–1998. National Jewish/University of Colorado, occupational and environmental medicine residency, 1995–1998.
Master of Science in Public Health: 1995–1998. University of Colorado, Master of Science in Public Health, 1995–1998.
Faculty progression: 1998–2011. CU/National Jewish faculty progression: Instructor 1998–1999, Assistant Professor 1999–2004, Associate Professor 2004–2011.
Her institutional CV records becoming head of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at National Jewish in 2007: Started 2007. Her institutional CV records becoming head of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at National Jewish in 2007.
Her institutional CV records a Professor appointment in the CU/National Jewish ecosystem beginning in 2011: Started 2011. Her institutional CV records a Professor appointment in the CU/National Jewish ecosystem beginning in 2011.
Fellow and junior-faculty research mentorship: Dates not established by retained source. Her institutional CV documents primary research mentorship of postdoctoral and pulmonary fellows and research mentorship of junior faculty working on sarcoidosis and exposure-related lung disease.
Undergraduate completion is 1986; entry year is unknown. Pulmonary fellowship, occupational medicine and MSPH overlap as explicitly reported by the CV.
Employment: CU/National Jewish faculty progression: Instructor 1998–1999, Assistant Professor 1999–2004, Associate Professor 2004–2011.
1998 to 2011
1998-1999 Instructor, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, and Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 1999-2004 Assistant Professor, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, and Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 1998-2001 Employee Health Physician Consultant, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 1999-2019 Director, Robert H. Hollis Laboratory of Environmental and Occupational Health, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 2001- 2005 Director, Pulmonary Occupational and Environmental Medicine Resident and Fellow Practicum Site, National Jewish Medical and Research Center and University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 2004-present Faculty Affiliate, Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University 2004-2011 Associate Professor, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, and Colorado School of Public Health, Environmental Occupational Health Department, University of Colorado Denver and Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 2005-2006 Assistant Director, Pulmonary Occupational and Environmental Medicine Resident and Fellow Practicum Site, National Jewish Medical and Research Center and University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 2006-2008 Director of General Clinical Research Center Inflammation and Immunology Core Laboratory, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, CO 2006-2007 Director of Research, Division of En
Employment: Her institutional CV records a Professor appointment in the CU/National Jewish ecosystem beginning in 2011.
From 2011
2011-present Professor, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, and Environmental Occupational Health Department, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado Denver and Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO
Employment: Her institutional CV records becoming head of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at National Jewish in 2007.
From 2007
2007- present Head of Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Center, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 2008- 2013 Director of Clinical Translational Resea
Fellowship: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, pulmonary and critical care fellowship, 1994–1998.
1994 to 1998
1994-1998 Fellow, Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 1995-1998 Resident, Division of Environmental and Occu
Graduate education: University of Colorado, Master of Science in Public Health, 1995–1998.
1995 to 1998
1995-1998 Master of Science in Public Health, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado POSTDOCTORAL STUDIES/INTERNSHIPS 1991-1994 Resident, D
Medical school: Duke University School of Medicine, MD, 1987–1991.
1987 to 1991
1987-1991 Doctor of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 1995-1998 Master of Science in Public Hea
Professional role: Her institutional CV documents primary research mentorship of postdoctoral and pulmonary fellows and research mentorship of junior faculty working on sarcoidosis and exposure-related lung disease.
C. POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWS 2000-2005 Yasmine Wasfi, MD, Primary Research Mentor, “Apoptosis-related genetic polymorphisms in sarcoidosis,” Currently a Senior Director at Janssen, Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, with a joint appointment at University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 2004-2005 Hiroe Sato, MD, PhD, Post-Doctoral Fellow, “HLA and other genetic variants associated with CBD and sarcoidosis,” Currently in the Department of Clinical Genomics, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom 2005-2009 Stella Hines, MD, Pulmonary Fellow, Advisor Currently Associate Professor, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD 2008-2011 Li Li, MD, PhD, Post-Doctoral Fellow, “Dendritic cells in CBD and other granulomatous lung diseases,” Currently Associate Professor in the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 2008-2012 Kelsey Gray, MD, MPH, Pulmonary Fellow, Advisor Currently a Pulmonologist at the Palo Alto Medical Foundation, Santa Cruz, CA 2010-2012 John Ferguson, MD, Pulmonary Fellow, Primary Research Mentor “Innate immunity in sarcoidosis antigen presentation,” Currently a Pulmonologist at Lutheran Medical Center, Wheatridge, CO 2011-2016 Silpa Dhoma/Krefft, MD, Pulmonary Fellow, Advisor Currently Assistant Professor in the Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO 2013-2014 Divya Patel, MD, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Fellow Primary Research Mentor, “Clinical determinants of fibrotic sarcoidosis” Currently Associate Professor, Sarcoidosis and ILD Program Director at UF, Gainesville, FL 2014-2015 Hongbo Liu, PhD, Visiting Professor, “Occupational and other risk factors in sarcoidosis and CBD” Currently Professor, Chief Biostatistics, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang, P.R. China 2016-2018 Andrew Levy, MD, Pulmonary Fellow, “Clinical and genetic determinants of fibrotic sarcoidosis” Currently Pulmonologist, Portland, OR 2018- Nancy Lin, MD, Pulmonary Occupational Medicine Fellow, “MiRNA biomarkers in diagnosis and prognosis of sarcoidosis” 2019- Arnav Gupta, Pulmonary Fellow, Research Committee Member, “The transcriptional response to ozone in airway epithelial cells” 2020-2021 Sarah Greaves, PhD, Postdoctoral Fellow, Research Committee Member, “Defining a Sarcoidosis Antigen and Immune Response,” (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus) Currently Process Development Scientist, Scientist at Atara Biotherapeutics D. FACULTY MENTORSHIP 2008-2014 Nabeel Hamzeh, MD Assistant Professor, National Jewish Health Research Mentor, “Sarcoidosis Treatment and Epigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression” 2019-present Shu-Yi Liao, MD, ScD, MS Assistant Professor, National Jewish Health, Research Mentor, “Sarcoidosis Genetics, Genomics, Metabolomics and Integrative Approaches” 2021-present Arnav Gupta, Assistant Professor, National Jewish Health, Research Committee Member, “The transcriptional response to wood fire air pollution in airway
Residency: Duke University Medical Center, internal medicine residency, 1991–1994.
1991 to 1994
1991-1994 Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 1993 Assistant Chief Resident, Department of In
Residency: National Jewish/University of Colorado, occupational and environmental medicine residency, 1995–1998.
1995 to 1998
1995-1998 Resident, Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Jewish Medical and Research Center and University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado B. BOARD CERTIFICATION 1994
Residency leadership: Assistant Chief Resident, Duke internal medicine, 1993.
1993
1993 Assistant Chief Resident, Department of Internal Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 1994-1998 Fellow, Division of Pulmonary Sciences an
Undergraduate education: Cornell University, BS, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, completed 1986.
Through 1986
1986 Bachelor of Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York GRADUATE/MEDICAL SCHOOL 1987-1991 Doctor of